In agriculture, it is simply impossible to do without special equipment. Of course, when processing a small plot of land, it will not be needed, but if you are professionally engaged in growing various crops or raising animals, then it will be very difficult to do without mechanical assistants. In this article we will talk about one of the most famous domestic tractors, who has been helping farmers for decades. Of course, we are talking about the tractor T-150, the technical characteristics of which helped earn him universal respect.
Tractor T-150: description and modification
Before proceeding to the description of the model, it should be noted that There are two versions of the tractor T-150. One of them has a tracked course, and the second moves with the help of a wheelbase. Both options are widespread, which is largely due to their power, reliability and ease of operation. Both tractors have the same steering, equipped with an engine of the same power (150 hp.) And a gearbox consisting of the same set of spare parts.
Did you know? The first tracked tractor T-150 was released by the Kharkov Tractor Plant on November 25, 1983. The plant itself was founded back in 1930, although today it is considered to be a living legend of the Soviet (now Ukrainian) engineering. The company not only retained its competitiveness, but also underwent a complete modernization, which allowed it to occupy a worthy place in the European tractor industry.
Technical characteristics of T-150 and T-150 K (wheel version) very similar, which is explained by almost identical set of parts. Accordingly, many spare parts for tracked and wheel modifications are interchangeable, which is a positive feature when using equipment in a farm or in collective enterprises. Also, it should be noted that the wheeled tractor T-150 K, capable of fast movement in virtually any terrain, has become more widespread than its tracked counterpart.
In agriculture, it is often used as the main means of transportation, and the presence of a drive for connecting the most diverse agricultural machinery and the possibility of low-speed traction gear made it possible to use a wheeled tractor in almost all types of agricultural work. The device of the T-150 tractor (any modification) made it a loyal assistant in soil processing in the most diverse regions of Ukraine and Russia, and given the interchangeability of parts, it would be a reasonable decision to equip the farm with both machines.
Features of the device tractor T-150
The crawler tractor T-150 creates less pressure on the soil, which was achieved thanks to the installed equal-sized wide tires of the front and rear wheelset. It also took its place in the performance of agricultural work on the wheeled version of the T-150 in the form of a bulldozer, but it is found a little less frequently than the same tracked tractor.
If we talk about the features of the structure of the tractor T-150, then the basis of its chassis is the "breaking" frame, which got its name because of the possibility of the sections to rotate towards each other in two planes, which is ensured by the presence of a hinge mechanism. Suspension of the chassis front sprung, and the rear balancer. Hydraulic shock absorbers installed on the front bearing assemblies of the balancers are aimed at reducing the force of shocks, jolts and vibration when the tractor is moving on uneven terrain. The main control body of the T-150, through which the work of the chassis is coordinated, is the steering wheel.
The modern tractor of this model has overcome one of the main shortcomings of its predecessor - the shortened size of the base, which caused the “yaw” of the vehicle. At the same time, an increase in the size of the wheelbase in the longitudinal plane made it possible to reduce the pressure of the tracks on the ground and to make the movement of the equipment smoother.
Attachment equipment of the tractor T-150 was and remains quite effective therefore, since 1983, almost nothing has changed. For hanging some components of the tractor on it is provided a rear two- and three-point device with two brackets (harness and trailed). With their help, the tractor can be supplemented with agricultural units and special machines (for example, a plow, a cultivator, a cultivator, trailed wide-gripping units, a sprinkler, etc.). Load capacity of the hitch at the rear of the tractor is about 3,500 kgf.
If we compare the first T-150 tractors produced in the USSR and modern models, then perhaps the biggest changes are noted in the appearance of the cab. Of course, in 1983, manufacturers of equipment cared little for the comfort of the people who would work on it, and the slightest addition in this regard was considered a luxury. Nowadays, everything has changed, and the cabin of the usual tractor is already a metal middle-structured structure of a closed type with noise, hydro and thermal insulation.
In addition, modern tractor cabs are often equipped with heating systems, blowing windshields, rear-view mirrors and cleaners. The location of all the controls of the T-150 tractor (both tracked and wheeled type) and its working elements (including the gearbox) is maximally optimized for the driver to work comfortably. Two seats located in the cab are adjusted to the height of the driver and are equipped with a spring suspension.
Taking into account all these features, it is possible to say with confidence that the build quality and the level of comfort of the new, modern model of the T-150 tractor are struggling to match the European counterparts.
Did you know? On the basis of one of the existing modifications of the tractor T-150 several different variations were built. In particular, based on it, an army version of the T-154 was released, which is often used when carrying out civil engineering work and when towing non-self-propelled artillery systems, as well as T-156, supplemented with a bucket for loading.
Description of the technical characteristics of the T-150
To make it easier for you to imagine the tractor T-150, let's get acquainted with its main characteristics. The length of the structure is 4935 mm, its width is equal to 1850 mm, and its height is 2915 mm. The weight of the tractor T-150 is 6975 kg (for comparison: the mass of the army version of the T-154 developed on the basis of the T-150 is 8100 kg).
The tractor has a mechanical transmission: four forward gears and three rear gears. The T-150 engine mainly develops 150-170 liters. pp., although the power of the latest models of the T-150 tractor often exceeds these values and reaches 180 liters. with. (at 2100 rpm). Its wheels are discs, have the same size (620 / 75Р26) and are supplemented with low pressure agricultural tires, which are often installed on different tractors (T-150 is no exception). Since the described type of technology more designed to perform tasks related to the land, then the maximum speed of the T-150 is small, only 31 km / h.
All these are very important parameters that should be taken into account when using any equipment, however, the amount of fuel consumed by the tractor is no less important. Thus, the specific fuel consumption per T-150 is 220 g / kWh, which is quite consistent with the concept of accessibility with respect to such equipment.
Using a tractor in agriculture, exploring the possibilities of the T-150
Tracked tractor T-150 often used in the construction of complexes for agricultural purposes. So, often the bulldozers, created on the basis of this tractor, are used in the role of construction equipment, as well as in leveling the terrain, creating access roads or forming artificial reservoirs in the household plot. Powerful and reliable tractor T-150 is also used after the construction of objects of the agricultural sector.
The available steering of the tractor, in combination with a sufficiently high speed of movement and the use of a pendulum transfer mechanism for additional trailed equipment, allows the use of equipment for sowing, plowing, processing and harvesting. Moreover, the tracked design is often used when performing harvesting work in animal husbandry, in particular, when creating or filling silage pits.
Pros and cons of the tractor T-150
When choosing a technique for working on your site, we often have to compare a wide variety of options, which are often very similar to each other. So, sometimes even such trifles as the size and characteristics of the wheel can play a decisive role in the matter of choice, and here you have to think: to buy, for example, T-150 or T-150 K. Among the advantages of the described model should be highlighted:
- reduced pressure on the soil (largely due to the wide caterpillars), and hence the reduction of the harmful effects on the earth by about two times;
- three-fold reduction in slipping and a high percentage of terrain;
- 10% reduction in fuel consumption compared to the wheel version;
- a significant increase in the performance of technology;
- labor safety increase;
- low fuel consumption and ease of management of the tractor.
No matter how much the tractor T-150 weighed, and it weighs a lot, in any case there will be increased wear on the track chain, which is also a disadvantage of this technique.
In general, the T-150 tractor has long established itself as a reliable assistant in carrying out agricultural and construction tasks, so it will definitely not be superfluous on the farm.
