It is hardly possible to imagine at least one garden where apple trees would not grow. If you only want to do gardening and are looking for information about the most unpretentious fruit trees, then we advise you to consider the option of planting an apple tree, "Glory to the Victors." This variety is fond of planting amateur gardeners. Why? Read below about the features of apple cultivation "Glory to the Victors", a description of the variety, as well as its main advantages and disadvantages.
Apple tree "Glory to the Victors": description of the variety
Apples "Glory to the Victors" fall into two categories: summer or late summer varieties, this characteristic will depend on the place of growth of the tree. This apple tree is very tall, its crown is wide-pyramidal with a high back-forming ability.
Familiarize yourself with the subtleties of growing other varieties of apples: Rozhdestvenskoe, Ural Bulk, Krasa Sverdlovsk, Orlinka, Orlovim, Zvezdochka, Kandil Orlovsky, Ekranennaya, Antey, Antonovka , "Uralets", "Pepin saffron", "President", "Champion", "Bashkir Beauty", "Berkutovskoe".
In young trees, the main branches grow straight, at a sharp angle, the ends are directed upwards. In more mature fruit crops, they diverge to the sides, forming wheelworms and fruit twigs. Adult plant reaches a height of 2.5-3.5 m.
The leaves of these apple trees are light green with a yellowish tinge, rounded in shape and smooth. Very beautiful tree looks in the flowering period. The blooming flowers are richly pink in color, and the buds are red.
Did you know? Apple "Glory to the Victors" appeared as a result of crossing varieties "Mac" and "Papirovka". Breeding year - 1928. Breeders Lev Ro and Pavel Tsekhmistrenko brought it in the gardens of the Mlievsky garden and garden experimental station to them. L. Michurina (today - L. P. Simirenko Institute of Pomology, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences (Ukraine).
The main characteristics of apples "Glory to the Winners" include beautiful and appetizing attractive fruit. In this variety they are round, oblong-rounded in shape; they are found weakly conic in the upper part, non-ribbed. In size - large and medium, the weight of one apple reaches 125-180 g.
To taste - sweet and sour, medium-grained. The color of the fruit is pale green with a solid red or dark red blush. The flesh is light yellow, creamy, the skin is smooth. It is because of the color, juiciness and aroma of apples of "Glory to the Victors" variety are in demand among gardeners, ordinary people in the markets and in supermarkets.
The harvest ripens in late August - early September. At first it is regular, then, depending on the region of growth, the frequency is set. This variety is characterized by a high and medium level of productivity: a 7–8-year-old tree produces 10–18 kg of apples, a 13–14-year-old apple tree - 40–75 kg.
Important! Since the apple trees "Glory to the Victors" are self-fruitless (as a result of self-pollination, only 4-8% of the fruits are tied), it is necessary to plant pollinating trees nearby. Other varieties of apple trees, for example, Antonovka, Borovinka, Melba, Priam, Vadimovka, will help in pollination.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Consider the pros and cons of "Glory to the Winners". Its main advantages include:
- good yield;
- stable fruiting;
- high frost resistance;
- medium resistance to powdery mildew and scab;
- high quality and transportability, juiciness and attractiveness of fruits;
- a good period of ripening (when the early varieties have already otlodnosili, and autumn - only at the stage of maturation).
The disadvantages of the variety can be counted:
- poor drought tolerance;
- frequent and severe crown thickening (which requires extra care when leaving);
- weak retention of ripe fruit on the tree;
- short shelf life of fruits (3-4 months in the refrigerator, 1-1.5 months in the cellar);
- self-infertility.
How to plant an apple tree
In order to achieve a good harvest from an apple tree in the near future, it is necessary to take care of the choice of a place for planting a tree and the composition of the soil.
Where the apple tree will grow best, choosing a place for the tree
Apple tree - light treeTherefore, when choosing a site for its landing, this factor should first be taken into account.
Did you know? Fruits differ in color depending on the amount of light falling on them. So, apples with a slightly red side are born from apple trees, which are mostly in the shade. For trees that grow predominantly under the sun, the fruits will be completely colored with red blush.
In addition, when shading a tree, it is possible to reduce the sugar content of apples and some reduction in yield. "Glory to the Winners" also does not like stagnant water. Therefore, if in your garden there are flooding, this variety should be planted in the soil with drainage or on elevation. You also need to check the level of groundwater, it should be no higher than 2-2.5 m.
Selection of soil for apple varieties "Glory to the winners"
For planting apple loamy and sandy soils with neutral acidity (pH 5.6-6.0) are suitable. If you plan to plant this fruit on sandy soils, then this is possible with proper regular fertilizer.
The scheme of planting apple seedlings
Apple trees "Glory to the Winners" can be planted in the fall and spring, and after choosing a place where to plant a tree, you need to attend to the choice of high-quality seedlings. There are several requirements for them: they must have an abundant and live root system, a dry vaccine, a solid, intact bark.
The desired height of the seedling is 1.5 m. It should also have several branches. It is better to choose two-year-old seedlings - the tree that grows from it will start to bear fruit earlier. From the plants that are planted in the autumn, all the leaves are removed. Also cleaned 90% of the foliage in seedlings with a bare rhizome.
Usually seedlings are sold with open roots or in flowerpots. Here your choice will depend on how soon you plan to drop it off. If not immediately, it is better to choose the option in the pot.
The landing hole is prepared in advance - at least seven days in advance. Well parameters: width and length - 70 cm; depth - 1 m (depending on the length of the root system). On the south side you can put a stake for garters of a young plant.
Fertile soil with organic fertilizers is poured at the bottom of the pit, and ash or humus can also be mixed. The seedling is gently moved to the center of the hole, manually spread the roots and covered with soil, making sure that the roots do not bend and the root neck protrudes 5-7 cm from the ground.
Important! When planting an apple tree from a container, it is not necessary to destroy the earthen room. So the plant will take root faster in the open field.
Ground lightly tamped. A freshly planted apple tree must be watered using about a bucket of water. You can spend mulching - straw, peat or humus. If several trees are planted, then the distance between the seedlings should be at least 4 m, between rows - 3 m.
How to care for an apple tree
A young plant up to three years requires regular watering and destruction in the root zone of weeds. Older and stronger trees will also require loosening the soil, fertilizing, pruning, preventive treatments from pests and diseases.
Watering
Although the "Glory to the Victors" easily tolerates non-durable droughts, it is important to prevent the land from drying out. In the first year, the apple tree is watered 3-4 times 30-40 liters per barrel. During the dry season, the tree should be watered 5-6 times per season, using 30-50 liters of water per barrel. Be sure to moisten the soil:
- during flowering;
- before the formation of ovaries;
- 15-20 days before full ripening.
Top dressing and care of the soil
That the tree grows well and bears fruit, its need to regularly fertilize. The first nitrogen fertilizers can be applied in mid-May of the first year of life (3 kg of ammonium nitrate / 1 weave; 5 kg of ammonium sulfate / 1 weave).
The second dressing is carried out in mid-June. If in the first year the sapling grows very quickly, then the following year it is necessary to do only one additional feeding - at the beginning of May. To stimulate fertility, the introduction of nitrogen is minimized.
Top dressing with phosphorus and potassium salt is carried out in grooves with a depth of 40 cm around the trunk circle. Also use organic fertilizer in the form of manure and compost.
In order to prevent disease in the early years, the apple tree should be sprayed. Treatment with chemicals is carried out immediately after flowering (you can use a mixture of "Aktara" and "Horus"), during the budding period ("Angio" and "Horus").
Caring for the soil consists in periodically loosening the tree trunk (necessarily after irrigation), removing weeds, digging the ground before the onset of frost and mulching with humus, peat, compost.
Crown formation
Young trees form the crown required annually. It is noticed that apple trees with a properly shaped crown are distinguished by early and abundant fruiting, greater frost resistance and durability.
Proper pruning helps get more quality yield. It can be made in spring or autumn. It is also important to carry out the rejuvenating pruning of old apple trees.
The first formative pruning is carried out in the second year of the tree’s life, before the start of the growing season. Here you should be extremely careful not to cut the fruit-bearing branches.
Be sure to remove the vertical shoot of the seedling - this will not allow the tree to grow quickly in height and will stimulate the formation of side shoots. In the spring, last year's growth on the branches is cut to 1/3. The lower branches, especially those that lie on the ground, are subject to mandatory pruning. Also need to thin out the ovary and fruit.
Reproduction of apple varieties "Glory to the Victors"
In order to rejuvenate an apple tree or to save a dying variety, gardeners from time to time have to resort to tree reproduction. Apple tree propagates in four ways: seed, cutting, layering and eyes. Let's try to identify the simplest and least troublesome, describing the procedure for each in detail.
Seeds
Perhaps the most laborious and laborious is the seed method, because the seeds have to be pollinated by hand - to transfer pollen from one tree to another. Therefore, this procedure is carried out mainly by breeders. Moreover, this method is often ineffective from the first time.
Cuttings
It is much easier to propagate the apple-tree cuttings, which is amenable to most gardeners. Harvesting cutting occurs in February-March, before the start of juice extraction, or in autumn, after vegetation. They are cut to 18-20 cm. Vegetation is removed from the lower parts.
Also cleaned of excessive leaves. When planting, the cuttings are not heavily covered with earth - by 2-3 cm. Plantings are regularly watered and mulched with humus. Over the summer, they should grow high-grade seedlings that can be transplanted to a permanent place.
Layering
To obtain the layering requires a young tree, which pre-planted obliquely. In the spring, those branches that will touch or lie on the ground, are stapled to the ground or are added dropwise along the entire length. The shoots, which must grow from the buds, will need to be spud several times during the summer period, then seedlings with roots will appear in the fall. The following spring, they are cut off and planted in open ground at a permanent place.
To obtain the layering of adult apple trees, use the method of air rooting. This method is less labor intensive than all the others. Developed, well-growing branches are chosen for it. At a distance of 10 cm from the top of the branch, a bark ring of 3 cm wide is cut off, or shallow oblique incisions are made around the entire radius.
This place is treated with a drug to stimulate root formation, for example, "Kornevin". Then wrap it with moss and plastic wrap. You can also use a trimmed plastic bottle with a soil mixture that is well fixed on the shoot. In the fall, a seedling with roots must be grown from the damaged place, which must be separated from the mother tree and transplanted into a trench sheltered for the winter.
With eyes
When breeding with eyes on the bark of the rootstock with a knife, a T-shaped incision is made. The edges of the bark are turned to the sides until the wood is exposed. The part cut from the harvested varietal cuttings is inserted into the incision, on which the kidney with a part of the bark and a petiole 1.5 cm long is located. The bent parts of the bark are strongly pressed against the inserted cutting and primed up with a wet urine. At the same time, the kidney must remain open.
This procedure is best done. in the morning or in the evening in dry windless weather. Two weeks later, check whether the eye has caught. If it is fresh and green in color, then the procedure was successful.
Apple tree "Glory to the Victors": preparation for winter
Although an apple tree of this variety belongs to winter-resistant trees, they should still be prepared for winter. First, the soil is mulched in the near-bar circle. This can be done with the help of horse humus (5 cm layer) or peat.
Also, the bark of trees, especially young (up to 5 years), must be protected from rodents and pests. For this purpose, whitewash, special nets, fir branches, and other materials that let in moisture and air are used.
If you manage to plant an apple tree, "Glory to the Victors", following all the recommendations for planting and care, it will please you for many years with generous crops of juicy, fragrant apples. Its fruits are suitable not only fresh, but also in processed form - in the form of jam, compote, juice, jam.
