"Anis" is an ancient variety of fragrant apples, the harvest of which ripens in the autumn season. The variety is represented by a number of similar species. We offer you to get acquainted with the botanical description of the apple tree "Anis", with popular varieties of the variety, as well as with the subtleties of growing the tree.
Characteristic and distinctive features
Anise variety is represented by tall, strong tree with a cone-shaped crown, which over the years acquires a rounded shape. Crohn has an average thickening. The trunk and branches of the tree are covered with light brown bark. The central branches are curved upwards, have an average thickness. Shoots have weak leaf cover, and sometimes they are leafless. Fruits are firmly fixed on the spears and collar of three-year branches. Medium-sized sheet plates have a curved structure. The leaves are green, glossy, rounded-ellipsoid with small jagged edges. Petioles grow at a 90 degree angle relative to the shoot.
Aniseed apple tree blooms with a pale pink (sometimes white or even red) color. Buds open wide. After flowering, medium-sized fruits weighing about 100 grams are formed. The tree as a whole is characterized by high winter hardiness. However, the apple tree is susceptible to hot weather and drought. "Anise" is considered a highly fertile variety. Fruitful maturity is achieved in the fourth or fifth year after planting. An adult apple tree yields up to 300 kg. In the process of aging, the fruits of the tree gradually become smaller. This variety can be distinguished by the following features:
- Round shape fruit. Moreover, their skin is a little rough.
- Yellow-green color of the fruit with a significant scarlet blush.
- Juicy flesh of white color with a light greenish overflow.
- Sweet-sour taste and sharp aroma of fruits.
Varieties: short description
There are at least sixty species of apple tree "Anis". Let us dwell on the most popular varieties:
- Apple tree "Anise Scarlet" - the progenitor of all aniseed, the most common form. The variety is known for its predominantly dark scarlet fruit. The tree is undemanding to the composition of the soil and perfectly adapts to mountainous and hilly areas. Apple tree gives a consistently rich harvest. Fruits have an average size, for a long time retain their presentation. The flesh is white, juicy.
- "Anis Sverdlovskiy" - A variety of apple trees, notable for its high winter hardiness and unpretentiousness. This is an autumn tree with an egg-shaped crown. Fruits have a rounded shape and by weight do not exceed 120 g. The skin is dry and smooth, covered with a weak wax coating. The main color - light yellow with a bright blush, creamy flesh. The taste is sweet with weak sour and light aroma. Fruits have a good presentation. The disadvantage of the form is weak scab resistance.
- Apple tree "Anise striped"which also carries the name "Anis gray" (thanks to the description of fruits as grayish-green). It is a frost-resistant and drought-resistant tree, however, in comparison with other species, its fruits are not saved for more than a couple of months. Apple is resistant to fungal diseases and gives a good harvest. The disadvantage is the height of the tree.
- "Purple Anise" - A species of apple tree, known for fairly large purple-tinted fruits with a reddish tint.
- "Anise pink" - Apple tree, remarkable for a significant pinkish blush on the surface of the fruit.
What to look for when buying seedlings
When choosing planting material, it is important to pay attention to the following points:
- Sapling age. For a personal plot it is better to purchase one-, two-year-old seedlings.
- The condition of the ground part. One-year copy should be with 1-3 branches (allowed without any branches at all), a two-year sprout should have 4-5 well-developed and upward-directed branches. Try to choose plants with unopened buds or with a barely visible green leaf cone. The more the leaf blade has opened, the worse the rate of survival of the seedling.
- Root system 7-8 cm from the root - vaccination. Seedlings should have a well-developed rhizome. If the roots are open and have already begun to dry out, it is better to refuse the purchase.
- The tree should have healthy bark.
- Choose instances tall 1.5 meters.
Important! Do not purchase seedlings from random sellers. Planting material offer to purchase nurseries.
When and where is better to plant on the site
Saplings are planted in the fall, but at least a month before the onset of the first cold weather. This helps the tree to quickly take root. Otherwise, in winter the apple tree may die from frost. Site selection rules are fairly simple. "Anis" should not be planted in shady places, as in the shade the tree grows slowly and does not bear fruit well. For planting seedlings pick up the lighted parts of the garden.
Step-by-step process of planting young seedlings
To the newly purchased seedlings better settled down, do not let the roots dry out. Immediately after purchase, wrap the roots with a damp cloth and wrap with a wrap. Place the roots in the water for 2-3 days before planting. Landing as follows:
- The pit does not need long preparation. Dig a hole on the landing day. The minimum depth of the pit is 0.5 m, and the width is 1.25 m.
- Fill the pit with a mixture of nutrient soil, manure (30 kg), superphosphate (0.5 kg), potassium chloride (100 g), ash (1 kg).
- Keep the root neck protruding above the ground.
Familiarize yourself with the rules of feeding, pruning and planting an apple tree in spring and autumn.
Features care for seedlings
Care for seedlings "Anise" is not significantly different from other varieties of apple. After planting, the seedling trunk must be tied to a special support (a peg driven into the ground beforehand). Sufficient and regular watering is also required. Periodically loosen the soil under the sapling, which will help avoid clumping of the ground. Do not forget about the protection of trunks from rodent attacks. To trim the extra shoots and the formation of the crown proceed after the foliage, but before the onset of this frost.
Did you know? Homeland Apple is Kazakhstan. The name of the capital of this country - Alma-Ata (Almaty) - translates as "father of apples." In Almaty there is even a monument-fountain dedicated to an apple. It is made made of marble and installed on the mountain Kok-Tobe.
Care for mature trees
Remember that aniseed apple is not capable of self-pollination. For its successful fruiting on the site should be planted several apple pollinators. Recommended varieties are: Bellefle-Kitaika, Antonovka, Cinnamon Striped, Yandykovskoe, Borovinka, Chernenko. Fungal diseases such as scab and powdery mildew are dangerous enemies of the apple tree. A proven way to deal with them is treatment with urea or 1% Bordeaux fluid.
Learn how to freeze, dry or keep apples fresh for the winter.In addition, trees are often damaged by viral ailments, rust, and can also be affected by various insect parasites. Significant harm does aphid. Spraying with Nitrafen saves from this pest. With a leafworm they struggle by treating the extract with tobacco. Against moths use a decoction of wormwood. An effective method of combating parasites is also considered spring and autumn digging of the soil under the trees.
Important! PMaintain the general hygiene of the garden andprocess trees with pesticides in time protect your apple tree and will serve as an excellent prevention of various diseases.
Harvesting and storage
The tree begins to bear fruit about four or five years after planting. Harvesting takes place around the end of August - mid-September. Depending on the variety, the trees are ready for harvesting at different times: "Anis Scarlet" - at the end of August, "Anis Sverdlovsk" - in the middle of September, and "Anis striped" is collected at the end of September. Fruits are generally well transported, even over long distances. Fruits are stored for a relatively short time - for two or three months. Storage temperature should be around 0 ° C. The room where the fruit is kept must be well ventilated. An important condition is also constant humidity in the storage.
Did you know? In Manhattan (in USA) grows long-lived apple tree, which is already 370 years old. AT 1647 her planted in his garden American Peter Styuvesant. It is curious that the tree not only survived to our times, but also continues to bear fruit.Unpretentious and frost-resistant apple "Anis", no doubt, will be a good choice for your amateur garden. From its tasty and healthy fruits you can cook a variety of desserts and preparations. With proper care, this tree for many years will delight you with a rich harvest.
