Maslata are very popular among mushroom pickers. In butter dish, the most common type of edible mushrooms, there are about forty varieties. But not all of them can be eaten. Therefore, you should find out which mushrooms are useful and which ones should be discarded.
General description of oil
Maslata are light-loving mushrooms that grow in coniferous or coniferous-deciduous forests. They can be found on the outskirts of the meadows, along the edge of the roads. Mushrooms are called boletus for the reason that they have a slippery cap that resembles an oily consistency.
Hats are convex or flat, smooth, sticky or mucous. Their skin can be easily removed. The legs are solid, smooth or grainy, come with rings. White or pale yellow flesh after cutting from the ground changes color to blue or red. A spore product powder comes in all sorts of yellow shades.
The fruit body ripens by early May and grows until November. Mushroom pickers begin to actively collect at the end of the summer. The collected product is consumed fried, boiled, pickled, dried or salted. The peel is cleaned to have a softer taste, the caps remain light, and the marinade is not darkened. 
Important! Remember that boletus is digested for a long time and may not be absorbed, so it is better to refuse this food if you have diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
How to recognize false boars: basic rules
The easiest way to recognize false mushrooms, looking at their appearance, as useful and poisonous boletus have several differences, which are presented below:
- in edible mushrooms, the tubular surface has the appearance of a finely porous sponge of a dark yellow color;
- The bottom of the safety caps is covered with white film. When a mushroom grows up, it stretches and becomes like a skirt with a fringe;
- false mushrooms have a loose tissue structure, which is destroyed by force;
- toxic boars have a painful, unappetizing appearance, are painted in violet or gray colors, while edible ones are usually bright and shiny, elastic, with a pleasant smell;
- the false oil has purple caps, under which very bright plates stand out clearly. On the stem you can see a purple or lilac ringlet that dries quickly and disappears.
What edible bolettes look like (popular species)
There are several of the most popular types of edible oil that have special external characteristics that help distinguish them from other species. They will help to identify the edible mushrooms.
Gray
The gray butterdish in diameter of the cap reaches an average of 8 cm. Despite its naming, the fungus is gray-white, yellow-olive, red-gray. If you touch the oil can, you can feel the stickiness of the surface and small scales. The peel is easy to peel. In gray fungus spores are colored brown.
The leg of such a butterdish is hard, yellowish, around it there is a ring. The flesh is white, but after the incision acquires a bluish tint. The taste is pleasant, the smell - without specific impurities. This type of boom grows from July to October. It is advised to eat marinated. 
White butter dish
White, pale or soft - these are the three synonymous names for the second variety oil. It grows in both deciduous and coniferous forests and plantings. Growing in groups or singly. It is credited to a rare type of mushroom.
It will be useful for you to read about how to distinguish edible russules, honey agarics, chanterelles from false ones.
Spherical or convex caps are usually about 10 cm in diameter. White actually has a white and yellow tint. The hat is prostrate or concave. The surface of the fungus is smooth, and during the rain it becomes mucous.
The white-yellow flesh has a rather soft and juicy texture. May get red outflow. Legs are white, up to 9 cm high. They are curved, without a ring. Maturation occurs from June to November. Experienced mushroom pickers recommend collecting white boletus by young. Since they quickly become useless, they should be prepared immediately after collection. 
Ordinary (late)
Ordinary bolettes are also called late, yellow, real, or autumn. They grow in young pine forests, but sometimes they are seen under birches or oaks.
They do not need a sunny habitat, so they are suitable and the edge of the forest, and the curb. Ordinary love to hide in conifer needles and leaves. Excellent survival on the ground with a large percentage of sand. Near reservoirs never grow.
Round brown hats become straight and flat-convex with age. They are smooth and covered with a mucous substance. The white-yellow flesh is characterized by a dense, soft and fleshy structure. 
The common butterdish has a short dirty-yellow stem 5 cm tall in the form of a cylinder. Grows in July and stands up to the first frost. Fruits at a temperature of +15 ... +20 ° C. He likes to grow in groups near chanterelles, white mushrooms, syroezhek. In the summer it is hit by worms and insects. The most delicious are young.
Did you know? Brazilians, Japanese and Africans do not have a tradition to pick mushrooms.
Grainy (summer)
Grainy, summer or early oil sprouts grow in pine forests, young plantings, clearings, glades or edges with sandy or limestone soil.
The round-convex tip of the granular fungus is 10 cm in diameter. The skin may be yellow or brown, and after the rain it may be slippery. Almost no smell. 
The grainy no ring on the leg. The latter has the shape of a smooth cylinder with grains. Its height ranges from 6 to 8 cm. The dense white flesh is very tasty in any form. Grainy grows in several oil spots near the beginning of summer until the first frosts.
We advise you to read about how to dry oyster mushrooms, pickle chanterelles and milk mushrooms, freeze mushrooms, wild mushrooms, chanterelles, oyster mushrooms and white mushrooms.
Marshland
Marsh butterdog grows in swampy pine or deciduous forests in moss. A convex hat is 7 cm in diameter and has a smooth mucous surface. Dense reddish pulp complements the pleasant aroma. The fungus has grainy long yellow spores.
The legs of the swamp oil can have a cylindrical shape, thin, about 6 cm in height. Whitish ring under the hat becomes brown or green. Near the ring the pulp is covered with scales, softish, with a pleasant mushroom smell. 
Such boars grow in groups. Most often, they are collected in late summer and autumn, while it is warm. Marsh oil can be used in different forms. It is very tasty and high in calories.
Cedar
Cedar maslati grow in Siberia and in the Far East. Grow in forests where there are cedar trees, near the moss on the southern slopes. The diameter of the top is on average 10 cm. The shape is in the form of a ball with the edges of a brown color twisted in the middle.
Find out more useful information about such mushrooms as govorushki, morels, waves, devil's fingers, bovines, greenfinchs, aspen mushrooms, black and aspen mushrooms, white podgruzdki, mokryukha, pushers and ferry.
The flesh has a loose structure. The cut point becomes orange after a while. The smell reminds cedar needles. This species releases a light liquid through the pores near the cap, so his name is still floating.
The cedar legs are 10 cm in height. Their appearance resembles a cylinder covered with "seeds". This species is pale yellow or bright yellow. You can collect them in the summer and autumn, as they bear fruit in stages. 
Bellini
Bellini live among coniferous trees, as well as on the edge and in a young planting. Best of all fruit on sandstones. Ripen throughout the summer and until the end of autumn. Can grow alone or ten pieces nearby. The diameter of the cap is 12 cm, which has a semicircular shape, in the center - depressed. Sometimes cream or brown color.
The flesh is difficult to detach from the top. The legs are massive and short (about 6 cm), sticky, without rings, covered with granules. The food is used in any form. Characterized by a mushroom smell and delicate flavor.
Did you know? Each mushroom is 90% liquid.
We recommend reading about how edible and poisonous mushrooms that grow on trees look like, how to check mushrooms for edibility using traditional methods, and also what mushrooms are poisonous.
Girded
Belted braces are also called chestnut. They grow mainly in the deciduous forest or in the park, in Eurasia and North America. Belted mushroom is characterized by a thick hat of 10 cm diameter, chestnut-red color. The yellow flesh has a fleshy texture.
Cylindrical legs reach a height of 12 cm. The flesh consists of brown fibers and flakes. Belted grows in small groups. Begins to bear fruit in July and ends in October. 
Did you know? Plasmodium is known in the Russian Federation, that is, a mushroom that moves itself. In one minute he can “pass” half a millimeter.
Trident
Tridentsky is a rarely seen mushroom, which is found in the mountains under coniferous trees on calcareous soil. The top is 8 to 15 cm in diameter, semicircular in shape and yellow-orange reflux. A thin film connects the tip to the foot. The product is covered with scales with a red shade of fiber.
As for the legs, they are red in the form of a cylinder, fleshy, 11 cm in height. Active growth is observed from mid-summer to October. The food is used in different forms. 
What are inedible types of oil
Toxicity oil most likely to establish, having considered their external characteristics. To do this, you need to familiarize yourself with the description of false oil, to distinguish useful from harmful.
You will probably be interested to read about how to grow oyster mushrooms, mushrooms, mushrooms and black truffle in your home.
Yellow brown
Yellow-brown - butterdish, which after breaking off or cutting off a piece becomes blue. It grows from July to October. Loves marshlands overgrown with coniferous trees. The diameter of the top reaches 15 cm. 
The peel of the surface is dark yellow with brown scales, does not shine. The leg is characterized by a density, gray-yellow color with a brown tint, the shape of a cylinder. Notable is the absence of a ring on the leg. Eating this product is prohibited.
Siberian
In no case should the Siberian species be eaten. If this happens, the person will have dermatitis. This type of fruits in coniferous forests, located in small groups. The top is pale yellow, convex, with age covered with red spots.
The pulp has a yellow, dense, odorless structure and taste. If you make an incision, the mushroom will turn purple-brown. The leg is distinguished by curvature, curvature and small spots, which is not the case with edible species. Fruits appear in summer and autumn.
Important! You can hear the opinion that poisoning can be cured by drinking a strong alcoholic drink. Scientists have refuted this hypothesis, because with alcohol toxic substances begin to be absorbed into the body twice as fast.
Mokrukha spruce
A newcomer may be confused by the butterdish with the wet fir. It grows in the summer and autumn season in coniferous-deciduous forests. But it is extremely rare to find. The top of its gray color, mucous. Fruit body - tubular, lamellar.
Find out whether it is necessary to clean the oil and how to do it correctly, what types of oil are and how they are used in medicine.
Mokruha is white in color, but over time it acquires a brown tide. Below the cap there is a film that becomes a skirt. That is why mushroom pickers take wet spruce for oil. 
First aid for oil poisoning
A person who has eaten a poisoned mushroom develops vomiting and diarrhea. He urgently needs a cure for nausea, flush the digestive tract by taking two liters of water and pressing the back of the tongue (to induce vomiting).
Washing can also be carried out by dissolving potassium permanganate crystals in water at room temperature until a pink color is obtained. The victim must drink it and induce a gag reflex.
As soon as symptoms are detected, use absorbents: activated carbon, Enterosgel or Smecta. Strong tea with plenty of sugar or non-carbonated water will also help.
Important! In any case, if you poisoned mushrooms, you need to go to the doctor or call an ambulance. You will be dealt with by a toxicologist who will prescribe a special treatment.
Video: what to do when mushroom poisoning
Due to the high percentage of similarity of edible mushrooms and poisoned, it is worth to double the attention when collecting this product. If you are not 100% sure of the edibility of the found butter dish, do not risk your health and the health of your loved ones.
