Among the wine grape varieties "Viorica" is famous for its pleasant unusual taste and resistance to frost.
In this article we will talk about the appearance and characteristics of the grapes "Viorica", the history of its selection, as well as how to grow it at home.
Breeding history
To combine the benefits of different grape varieties, breeders use hybridization - crossing different varieties.
"Viorica" - a hybrid technical grade Moldovan breeding, obtained in 1969 by crossing the varieties "Zeybel 13-666" and "Aleatiko."
Did you know? To make one bottle of wine, you need 600 grapes."Viorica" is especially adapted to the climate of Moldova, which made it possible to harvest a large crop even during drought in 2012. Also widely spread in Azerbaijan, Russia and in the south of Ukraine.
Botanical description
"Viorica" - a complex interspecific hybrid. Let us dwell on his description.
Learn about Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Isabella, Cabernet Sauvignon, Krasnostop Zolotovsky, Alpha, Riesling grapes.
Bush and shoots
Shrubs of this variety are tall, with good growth power and bisexual flowers. The maturation of the shoots is good; 80-90% of the total number of shoots bear fruit. On a young sprout, 1-2 clusters usually ripen, and on a young sprout, 3-4.
The leaves are medium, strongly dissected, a leaf plate with upward curving edges. Denticles along the edge of the triangular leaf blade.
Learn how to propagate by cuttings, how to plant, how to plant, how to cut grapes in spring, summer, autumn, how to cover for the winter.
Clusters and berries
The size of the grapes "Viorica" is medium, the shape is cylindrical, the density is average. The weight of the bunch varies from 250 to 300 g. The leg of the bunch is very long and rounded.
The berries are of medium size, rounded shape with a thin dense skin of yellow-amber color. The weight of one berry averages 2 g. In a berry there are 2-3 seeds. The flesh is juicy, with a light aroma of nutmeg.
Characteristic variety
"Viorica" - a wine grape of medium late ripening, it is 145-150 days. The sugar content of the juice of berries - 18-20% with an acidity of 7-9 g / l. The yield is 90-100 centners per hectare.
This variety is resistant to frost down to -25 ° C. The Vioriki bushes damaged by frost are well restored. Disease resistance is average. To mildew, resistance is high (2 points), to oidium, gray rot, anthracnose and phylloxera - at the level of 3 points.
Learn more about the diseases and pests of grapes - mildew, oidium, phylloxera, anthracnose, alternariosis, chlorosis, grape pruritus, tsikadkas, wasps, shieldfish.
Landing features
Planting seedlings will not be difficult. First you need to prepare the landing hole.
For large farms recommended vysokoshtambovaya form of the bush on the type of double-sided cordon with a free arrangement of growth. Landing scheme 2.75-3.00 x 1.25 m.
Smaller farms use sredneshtambovye forms of bushes, the maintenance of growth is vertical, and the planting scheme is thickened - 2-2.5 x 1-1.25 m.
After preparation of the pit, it is necessary to fill its bottom with a layer of expanded clay from 10 cm high. Then, a mixture of ash, sand, humus and the upper part of the earth will fall asleep to a height of 10 cm.
Important! In the mixture for planting seedlings in the planting pit is strictly prohibited to add manure.Then you should lower the seedling into a hole, sprinkle with earth and water.
Grade Care
Grapes "Viorica" unpretentious care. During the season, it must be treated twice with anti-fungal drugs.
It is recommended to load bushes moderately, no more than 50-55 eyes on a bush. Fruit vines pruning is relatively short - 3-6 eyes.
Watering should be carried out at the beginning of the growing season, it should be completed six weeks before the harvest.
Harvesting and storage
It is necessary to collect only fully ripe grapes. It will be well transported, its taste and nutritional properties in this case will be manifested most fully. Maturing "Viorica" usually occurs in mid-September.
Important! Unripe grapes cannot ripen in maturation.To collect the grapes you need in dry sunny weather. Do not pick berries with traces of dew or raindrops. After the rain, you must wait with the harvest for 2-3 days to evaporate the excess moisture from the berries.
Bunches are removed carefully so as not to harm them. They are cut with a knife or garden pruner, holding the bottom of the palm. Then it is necessary to remove the dried and rotted berries with scissors, then put them into dry boxes under an inclination in one layer.
To preserve fresh grapes for a long time, you need to equip a special room. It should be dry and dark, close well, but be periodically ventilated. Air temperature should be from 0 to + 8 ° С. Humidity must be maintained at 60-70%.
Important! Storing grapes in the light leads to the destruction of sugar and acids in the berries, as a result of which it loses its taste.There are several ways to store Viorica. To decide which one to use, you need to decide for how long you need to keep the bunches fresh:
- one to two months. Storage is carried out using boxes-trays. Bunches should not fit snugly together;
- storage over two months. Boxes are used no more than 20 cm in height. 3-4 cm clean hardwood sawdust should be placed on the bottom. Bunches in boxes must be poured with sawdust. Clusters weighing more than 1 kg are put in one row, up to 500 g - in two rows. Next, the grapes are covered with sawdust on 7 centimeters on top and placed in storage.
The use of grapes "Viorica"
Berries are used fresh to make natural flavored juices. From "Vioriki" make high-quality dry and dessert wines.
Table wines are crystal clear, they have a floral aroma with a predominance of muscat-thyme tones. Dry wines differ in that they need to be sold at a young age.
Did you know? In Portugal and Spain, on the New Year's Eve there is a tradition to eat 12 grapes at the last minute of the year, making 12 wishes.Independently, you can also make wine from "Viorica". It is prepared by complete fermentation of grape must (squeezed grape juice) by adding grape-based sugar syrup or beckmes (condensed grape juice).
To give the wine aroma and saturation, it is necessary to insist the pulp (a mixture of crushed grapes) in a fumigated gray container. Infusion is done within 24 hours at ordinary temperature. Then the pulp is pressed, and the wort is settled.Next, the wort is placed in a fermentation tank, filling it to 3/4 volume, add pure culture of fermentation and ferment. After rapid fermentation, bacme or sugar syrup is added. On the 4th day, 50 g of sugar per 1 liter of fermenting medium, on the 7th day - 100 g, on the 10th day -120 g. Fermented wine should have a light color.
Learn how to make wine from grapes, Isabella, from plums, from rose petals, from raspberries, from gooseberries, from chokeberry, fruit juice, jam."Viorica" is recommended for growing and eating lovers of grape products. Knowing all the subtleties of care and storage of this relatively young variety, you can enjoy its taste and healthy qualities for a long time, as well as make a delicious wine.
Grade Viorica: reviews
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Korchuyu 2 hectares Kodryanki. Instead, it is 2 hectares of Viorica.
