Cherry is a very healthy, and besides, tasty fruit. This fruit is very rich in a number of unique properties and vitamins for our body.
There are a huge number of varieties of cherries, there are varieties of winter-hardiness and not very, with good immunity, and resistant to pests, distinguish them also by the term of maturation.
These include the early late and middle. We will tell in more detail about the variety of medium ripening cherry, which is called “Youth”.
Youth cherry: variety description
When planting a garden, for its yield and greatest benefit, you must be very careful about the choice of species and varieties of trees that you want to plant.
A large role is played by the resistance of wood to cold and all sorts of various diseases. You should also consider the future location of the tree and the availability of fertile conditions for its cultivation.
Cherries are very fond of moisture, sun, soil rich in clay and sand
When purchasing seedlings, one should carefully pay attention to their quality, and such purchases should be made exclusively in special stores and in already tested tents. One of the most practical and prolific varieties of cherries can be called a variety - youth.
Youth cherry is tree variety skoroplodny, which is distinguished by annual fruiting and self-fertility, i.e. This species of cherry tree is pollinated by its pollen. Due to its precocity, this tree is average, and it pleases with a crop of 4-5 years after disembarkation. Has a very high productivity - 10-12 kg of Vichy can be easily collected from one tree.
This type of cherry refers to late maturing varietiesand ripens in late July and early in August. It has an original appearance, as in nature it looks like a medium-sized bush, about 3 meters high. Good tolerates frosts.
A little more about the fruits
The fruits of youth cherry are large enough, each fetus reaches about 4.5 grams weight. They have an oval shape, dark burgundy color and rich pleasant aroma.
To taste the fruit sweet and sour, quite popular in desserts, the flesh of the fruit is juicy and dense. Cherry has a dark red, very tasty juice and a medium-sized bone, which is easy to separate from the pulp.
The fruits of this type of cherry can be consumed not only fresh, but also in a processed form. Amazing jams, compotes, jams, juices, marshmallows, and fruit wine are made from these fruits. It is also worth noting that the fruits of youth cherry are quite transportable.
The fruits of the cherries are very rich in organic acids and various macronutrients. Cherry contains malic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, quinic acid, salicylic acid, as well as magnesium, calcium, phosphorus and potassium.
Now about the youth cherry tree
Youth cherry is a medium or below the average height of a tree or a shrub that has a rounded, slightly lowered crown.
Self low-growing tree and refers to a small number of species that are not afraid of dry eastern air during flowering. On the tree, you can look at the average size of bright green leaves with frayed edges of the leaf plate.
Basically, the tree bears fruit on last year's gains and quite a bit on the bouquet branches. Therefore, for this type of cherry is very important a small thinning with annual pruning. The cherry tree is propagated by cutting and root shoots. The tree tolerates frost and drought very well.
What are the disadvantages and advantages of this variety?
The dignity of the youth cherry is that it is one of the most reliable self-fruiting and weak-growing Moscow varieties of the tree with high fruit bearing excellent quality.
The advantage should also be attributed to the fact that it is a self-fertile variety with an average ripening period, which begins July 20-25. This kind of wood is enough resistant to most dangerous fungal diseasesThe most frequently affecting cherry tree is coccomycosis and moniliasis. The defeat of youth cherry, in a warm warm summer, is 2-3 points.
This sort of cherry is also good for the presence of large fruits that bear good fruit every summer. Youth cherry is an excellent pollinator for many later varieties of cherries. During the flowering period, this variety of variety is resistant to dry oriental air, to cold winters and severe frosts, while tolerance of cold weather is observed not only in wood, but also in flowering buds.
Special drawbacks in youth cherries do not emit. Youth cherry, like all other varieties of this fruit tree, requires mandatory annual treatment with preparations to prevent fungal diseases - fungicides.
For cherries, you need to pick a special place for planting, as in the flat, poorly ventilated areas, cherries develop worse, and when there is a lack of potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus, they do not bear fruit well. Youth cherry also requires annual pruning, since there is a strong overgrowing of the crown, which leads to a decrease in yield and wildness of the tree.
It is also interesting to read about the care and planting of felt cherries.
Features of planting a tree
From how correctly each tree is planted, its development, productivity and durability depends. Therefore, it is very important before planting a sapling, learn the rules and features of planting.
For youth cherry most favorable landing time is spring. Planting a young tree in spring reduces the likelihood of freezing of the plant in winter. Cherry in one place grows well and gives a harvest of about 15-16 years.
Perfectly takes root on the slopesWith a large amount of sun and dry soil, as well as in the absence of proximity to groundwater, the lowest level of groundwater occurrence is 2-2.5 m. For cherries, neutral, slightly alkaline, and preferably light soil is most suitable.
For planting a seedling, a pit is dug to a depth of about 40-50 cm, with a diameter of up to 70-80 cm. The distance between them is 2 m, in rows - 3 m. Organic fertilizers in the amount of 10-15 kg are placed in the pit, when planted, ash or potash fertilizers in the amount of 500 g and phosphate about 150-300 gr.
Soil, when breeding cherries in the garden, should be kept clean, fairly moist and loose. In autumn, the ground is dug up to a depth of about 15 to 20 centimeters, and near the tree trunk - 10 cm.
Cherry trees are necessarily fed with fertilizers. Feeding the tree is carried out by digging tree trunks. The amount of top dressing depends on the age of the tree, its condition, as well as the presence of useful elements in the soil.
For three or four years after disembarking, trees are fed in the springat the same time, only nitrogen fertilizers are applied, calculated per 1 sq. m. m. soil - 20g of urea, which is added to the soil.
For the best development of a young tree, at the beginning of its fruiting, compost or manure is introduced into the soil. Compost solution taken in proportion: 1 square. meter, approximately 10 kg; urea - about 25 g; potassium chloride - 20 g; wood ash - up to 200-300 g; simple superphosphate - 60 g or double superphosphate - 30 g.
When the tree begins to actively bear fruit, fertilizing with minerals continues, and the amount of organic fertilizers should be increased to approximately 15-20 kg.
It should be noted that in the fall they are fed with phosphate and potash fertilizers, organic - in spring and autumn, and nitrogen fertilizers - only in spring. Lime contribute periodically, in an amount corresponding to the indicator of the acidity of the soil.
Young cherries are often fed with a popular folk method, which consists in introducing birds into the soil of a dung or manure slurry. It is very effective to feed the tree with urea, the solution is diluted in the proportion of 40 g of urea per 10 liters of water. Specified foliar dressing is done at the very beginning of summer.
For good development and high yield, when planting cherry youth, it is very important to choose the right landing site. It is best to plant the tree in a well-fertilized loamy or sandy soil on an elevated open area, which is sheltered from the cold wind by any structure.
For the cherry tree on the land plot, the southern place is left by the buildings, not far from the fences, where the mildest microclimate is created and a large amount of snow remains.
Everything cherries highly love wet soiltherefore, the land near the plant is often watered, and one should not forget about aeration. In our conditions, cherry grows favorably on loamy, sufficiently drained and heated soil, rich in nutrients.
Do not recommend for cherry wood heavy, raw loamdeep sand and peatlands. The cherry tree also tolerates sour soil very poorly.
Regardless of the sort of cherry, it's fruit tree highly susceptible to fungal diseases, and for preventive purposes, these plants are treated with a solution of urea. Such processing is carried out in early spring, before the blooming of the first buds, and in the late fall, before the onset of the first frost.
If the tree was still afflicted with a disease, it is worthwhile to carry out the treatment with the chemical preparation "Topaz" or "Topsin". Processed several times. The first stage of such processing is carried out when the tree has faded, the second - in June, the third - after the harvest.
It is very important to choose seedlings very carefully, because the quality of a sapling is of great importance for proper development and growth. Quite often there are saplings of low-yielding and already sick trees on sale, so they should be bought exclusively in specialized stores or from experienced and reliable sellers.
Worth noting that varietal cherries often do not give rise and multiply by grafting.
What are the features of cherry care?
Processing pristvolny circles, proper and sufficient watering, timely feeding plants, protection from diseases and pests, cutting branches and thinning, whitewashing trunks, loosening the soil near the tree and along the contour of the crown are all very important elements of tree care for youth cherry.
Planting cherries in his garden, it is necessary to monitor the humidity of the earth. Moisture to cherries is especially needed in early summer and in spring, when the tree blossoms, and the leaves and shoots begin to grow actively. The soil during this period of time should be moderately wet, otherwise a strong fall of the ovaries is possible.
An excess of moisture is also unacceptable, its large amount contributes to the death of the roots and suspending the growth of the tree, the leaves begin to turn yellow, the top of the tree crown dries out
A very important factor when caring for a youth cherry tree is its systematic correct pruning. In young trees, the crown grows naturally, so they require minimal pruning.
When pruning, it should be remembered that many wounds to the central conductor and the skeletal branches cannot be inflicted, and poor care of the soil, with severe pruning, can cause gumming.
The sole purpose of pruning a youth cherry is thinning its crown to get enough light into it. Thinning of the crown is carried out at the time of the beginning of the fruiting of the tree, on condition that it grows by 30-40 cm per year, at the same time interlacing and rubbing branches cut out.
If a strong crown thickening has occurred, it is not recommended to carry out a strong pruning of such a tree. Pruning cherries with a very thick crown is carried out in stages, over several years.
The height of growth of bush cherry is artificially limited by the gardener about 2-2.5 meters in height.
Do not cost well, forget about sunburn and frost burns. For protection trees from such phenomena in late autumn should to whiten thick skeletal branches, trunks and stumps. Sometimes whitewashing is carried out repeatedly in early spring or winter.
Also, in order to protect damaged shtambov and skeletal branches, open areas of wood are recommended to be covered with garden pitch.
Do not forget to protect the tree from rodents and pests. For this purpose, regular spraying is carried out, and also the tree trunk is covered with branches of fresh needles for the winter.
Observing all the above rules and advice, you can grow a beautiful youth cherry tree in your garden in a fairly short time and collect many fruits of this priceless fruit crop every year. Use your garden plot with health and soul benefits.
