Do you have a summer cottage in the Moscow region and are you planning to plant a garden with fruit trees there, preferring apple trees? Are you especially interested in winter varieties? Then this article will be useful for you and help you make the right choice.
If you set out to plant exactly late varieties of apple trees in your garden, then the question inevitably arises before you: which varieties to prefer?
Let's get to know them better.
Variety Bogatyr
Variety description
Well, the name immediately becomes clear that it will not be about small apples. Fetus reaches a rather large size (up to 200g), and under favorable conditions and appropriate care, it can increase mass up to 400g! Apples look light green with a slight blush.
As maturation a little yellow. The shape is rounded, but not quite correct, wide at the base and slightly flattened. Orzhavnost is characteristic of this variety. The flesh has a sweet-sour taste, but the acid in it is less pronounced than that of the Antonovka variety, which is one of the “parents” of the Bogatyr variety.
Self tree has impressive dimensions and reaches 4.5 m in height, and the spreading of the branches can be 6 m. The crown is not particularly thick and there are no young branches in the center. The bark has a rich olive color, the leaves have a slight serration and pubescence from below.
The apple tree blooms in a pinkish color, but the flowers themselves are slightly smaller in size. The first fruits can be expected in the sixth year. It is recommended to remove them at the end of October.
Select advantages this variety.
The first - of course, excellent ability for long-term storage. Fruits may lie until May and even before the beginning of summer, without losing their presentation. Variety can be attributed to skoroplodny. The yield of apple trees is quite high and averages 60-80 kg. But this is not the limit. If you surround the tree with care and create favorable conditions, the figure can increase to 100 kg and even higher.
In addition, the apple tree pleases with fruits annually. We have already noted the pleasant taste qualities, it is worth recalling the high transportability, which is also inherent in this variety of apples. Winter hardiness of the tree is relatively high, the plant is not very susceptible to such disease as scab.
Disadvantages this variety of apples is not so much and, rather, they are aesthetic in nature. Some are not satisfied with the green color of apples, because for a rather long period they do not turn yellow, and besides, rust is inherent in them.
Peculiarities of care
Conditions and the process of planting does not differ from other varieties of apple trees. The best option would be loamy soil, to which one should strive, adjusting its composition, adding peat, compost and river sand.
Without sufficient air saturation, the root system will suffer, which will certainly affect fruiting. In the first year you can not apply fertilizer.
Spring care It consists in early pruning and removal of old branches, as well as shortening the young ones. In early May, it is recommended to do the first spraying and a little later, after the buds swell, the second. This is done to prevent various diseases and pest control.
For feeding in the spring, it is better to use urea and nitrate, and as trace elements boric acid. It is recommended to sow siderat, which will regulate the level of nitrogen, next time, and by the autumn period it will have time to decompose and saturate the tree with nutrients.
Summer care consists in regular watering. In early autumn, it is necessary to whitewash the trunks of trees, and to feed them with superphosphate, compost, potassium, etc. in late autumn.
Sort Pepin Saffron
Probably, there are few people who have not heard of such a variety, because it is very famous in the territory of the post-Soviet space.
Variety description
Fruit, unlike the above-described variety, much smaller, more symmetrical, with a slight ribbing. As a rule, yellow-green color, with a pronounced blush and whitish inclusions. The flesh is not distinguished by its whiteness, but rather juicy, with a characteristic wine flavor and recognizable aroma. Surely many people know that the jam from this variety turns out very tasty.
Tree also does not differ in large size. Quite compact, at an early age has a rounded shape, but later it is distributed in width, the branches are lowered, which gives it a slightly dull look. The shoots, like the leaves, have significant downiness, which makes them look a bit grayish.
The krone is very thick, needs constant care and thinning, otherwise, small apples will become even smaller. Begins to bear fruit in the sixth year.
To "pluses" can be attributed to the ability to tolerate transportation, precociousness, stable fruiting, excellent taste, the ability of the tree to recover after suffering frosts and of course, an attractive appearance.
"Negatives" is not a very large size of apples, a small period of keeping quality (if the Athlete, about whom we spoke above, is stored until May and even early summer, then Pepin is saffron only until the beginning of March), and also, low resistance to scab. In addition, the tree has a high tendency to thickening, which gives additional trouble to gardeners.
Peculiarities of care
Caring for an apple tree involves the continued participation of the gardener in the life of the plant. These are, first of all, frequent pruning and thinning, spraying from pests and diseases and, of course, the main stages: watering and feeding.
Variety Northern synapse
Variety description
At the present time, probably, many gardeners would give the “palm” to this particular variety (among the late winter varieties), although not so long ago Antonovka was considered the leading one. What is so good sort of Northern synapse?
Fetus This variety looks a little different from the varieties we looked at above. It has a fancy elongated shape (glass-shaped), yellow-green color, as a rule, with a one-sided blush, somewhat uneven and hilly. But all this does not prevent him from looking very appetizing.
Pulp of apple with a greenish tinge, fine-grained, sweet-sour, with a slightly spicy taste. The fruit is average in size (90-120 g). The removable maturity is reached somewhere in the beginning of October, it is not recommended to tear them off earlier, since during the period of ripening they may simply not be able to reach, especially if the summer was not very warm.
Tree grows fast and reaches a large size, it may be why, in order to save space, some gardeners may prefer other, more compact varieties. It begins to bear fruit in the fifth year, the yield of the variety is rather high, but it begins to decline after 20 years.
Advantages - high storage capacity of fruits. It is even longer than that of Bogatyr and may last longer than June. But, it is on the condition that the fruits were torn off not earlier than the allotted time, otherwise they will start to wither and lose juiciness.
It should be noted, and the good resistance of this variety to frost. It is the same as that of Antonovka, only the latter, alas, cannot boast of its storage duration and loses its taste and appearance as early as January. The yield of the variety is also quite high and at the age of fifteen a tree can be about 170 kg.
Disadvantages there may be: large size of trees, heterogeneity of fruits, their reduction with abundant harvest, the need for frequent pruning.
Peculiarities of care
Care is in timely pruning, and not only in order to preserve the crop, but also for the prevention of scab disease, because this variety is not very resistant to this disease.
In addition, it is recommended to plant other pollinating trees nearby, as the variety is partially self-bearing. Best of all, if it is Antonovka ordinary. Well, and, of course, we should not forget about fertilizing, watering and spraying, as the main stages of plant care.
It is also interesting to read about clone apple varieties for the Moscow region
Variety Orlik
Variety description
It is another favorite variety of gardeners and is also suitable for cultivation in the suburbs.
Fruit This tree has a distinctively shiny skin, color from yellow-green to pronounced red (depending on time), with a lot of white blotches. The shape of the apple is slightly conical, the fruits are small, rather, of medium size (100g).
Pulp with a slight yellowness and in places with a greenish tint. The apples of this variety are incredibly fragrant and very juicy. They can not be described as sweet, because they are sour, but because of this they have not become less fans.
Tree It is compact and strikes with its flowering in the spring, because the flowers are larger than usual and have a delicate pink shade. The branches deviate from the trunk almost 90º, and at the tips rush up. The bark is smooth, with a yellowish sheen. The leaves are quite large, with a pronounced roughness.
Merits Orlik variety is the appearance of the tree, due to its small size. After all, these apple trees can be placed next to each other at a distance of two meters, which is very advantageous to save space on small land plots. Productivity at the same time will not suffer at all, and will reach up to 120 kg. Yes, and taste always delight. In addition to all the above, the tree is also resistant to frost and various diseases.
Disadvantage is a high abundance varieties and frequency of fruiting. If you do not have time to break the crop before mid-September, then you can lose part of it, due to the deformation and damage during the fall, which, naturally, will reduce the shelf life.
Peculiarities of care
This variety of apple completely unpretentious and does not require special care. But, despite the fact that the tree withstands frost bravely, nevertheless, it is recommended to warm the trunk using burlap. After all, it does not possess such regenerative abilities as Pepin saffron and risks to suffer in case of severe frosts. In the spring and summer, take care of it, like an ordinary plant, and it will no doubt please you with juicy and fragrant apples, which will retain their qualities until the middle of winter.
Student Grade
Variety description
Fetus has a value greater than the average. An apple of a very regular shape, without roughness and irregularities, with a smooth surface and thick skin. On a background of green flaunts a dash of blush. Gentle flesh, with a sweet and sour taste, pleasantly refreshing.
There are very few seeds in the apple, and those are small in size. Ripening occurs at the end of September and, if properly stored, the fruit will remain until early May.
Tree average size, without any features. Fruits more often on annual wood. The grafted seedlings begin to yield in the fifth year.
"Pros" are: good resistance to diseases and scab, attractive presentation, the ability to long-term storage and precociousness.
Of "cons" except lower frost resistance.
Peculiarities of care
Care, in principle, is the same as for other apple trees.
It is also interesting to read about varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region
Sort Antonovka ordinary
More than once, even in our article, we mentioned the name of this variety, since it is Antonovka that is the original form for many new varieties and is very popular among breeders. Yes, and what to say. There is hardly a Russian person who does not know these apples. Therefore, it would be unfair not to recall them.
Variety description
Unlike all the varieties described earlier, Antonovka belongs to the early winter variety. Take off fruit need in September. Apples are larger in size than medium, with pronounced ribbing, slightly conical in shape, first green, but as they mature they acquire yellowness.
The flesh of an apple with a rich "Antonov" taste and its inherent sourness, not only does not reduce the value of taste, but, on the contrary, adds. The variety is self-infertile. Nearby it is recommended to plant Pepin saffron, Anise, Welsey.
Tree able to reach large sizes. At a young age, the branches are raised upward, and later creep apart. Fruiting mainly on wood, which is 3-4 years old. The leaves are large, wrinkled and oblong, with serrations.
Grade advantages: unique aroma, taste, appearance and winter hardiness. Yes, and which apple is the most delicious when it is wet? Here he has few competitors. In addition, it is believed that this particular apple variety has a beneficial effect on the body, boosts immunity, as it is a source of vitamins (especially vitamin C) and rich in trace elements. The tree is quite resistant to scab and other diseases.
Disadvantage is a small shelf life and the fact that the tree bears fruit at intervals.
Peculiarities of care
When planting Antonovka sapling, it is advisable to prepare a hole in advance so that the earth settles and compacted. The top layer of soil must be mixed with organic fertilizer and humus; the seedling should be carefully arranged in a hole so that the basal neck protrudes 7 cm above the surface, covered and ground.
If you plant a tree in an area where water does not accumulate, then you can create fluid conditions in the pit. In winter, the soil around the sapling is recommended to be mulched, and the tree itself should be tied with spruce twigs.
In the spring it is necessary to prune dead branches and then the yield will be higher. Gardeners believe that pruning should begin with the second year of life, while cutting off the main trunk and shortening new branches to the third part. The rest of the care is normal, without features.
So, in our article we tried to consider the main varieties that are perfectly adapted for cultivation in a region such as the Moscow region. We hope that you have decided for yourself which of them are more suitable for your garden, and will continue to delight you and your loved ones with wonderful taste and beauty.
