Great popularity for gentle charm, unpretentiousness and a long flowering period is used in plant growers nivyanik.
These flowers, depending on the type and variety, can be simple and terry. Grow a plant is easy, as well as care for him.
What does Nivyanik look like: general information about the plant
So what is Nyvyanik - This perennial family of the Astrovykh with a tap root system, the roots of the nursery are distinguished by a red tint.
The stem of the plant is upright, the growth of the plant is from 15 cm (dwarf varieties) to one meter. Some newly bred hybrids grow up to 1.30 cm. The name "nivyanik" in Russian comes from the phrase "growing in a field," nivyanik from the botanical point of view is not a daisy, if only because daisy is an annual plant; but plants are close relatives, as they belong to the same family. However, in the people, due to the similarity of inflorescences, the cornflower is considered chamomile.
Did you know? Chamomile - a plant known from ancient times: in ancient Egypt, its flowers were used in ceremonies dedicated to the god of the sun - Ra. In Tibet, chamomile was considered one of the main components in the recipe for anti-aging remedies. In France, chamomile treated all diseases associated with the digestive system.
Nivyanik foliage can be located at the base of the stem or grow alternately along the stem, leaf plates either in the form of a blade or serrated. Nivyanik, depending on the type and variety, may have double, semi-double and simple flowers of white or various shades of yellow. Flowering plant begins in May, re-August-September. In the autumn period, fruits with seeds are formed at the place of the inflorescences.
Common Types of Nevjanik
On the basis of the most popular types of greenberry, a wide variety of garden varieties have been developed - we will consider their description below.
Did you know? In the vast majority of ancient peoples, daisy was considered a symbol of goodness, purity. On the daisy petals they guessed, they wove into ritual wreaths, hung dry bouquets in the house, believing that the daisy would smooth out conflicts. Daisy did not please only the tribes of Central Africa, who believed that the plant attracts evil spirits; the local aborigines destroyed several species of chamomile.
Marshland marsh
The marsh colony is a short dwarf shrub, up to 30 cm, branched with thin stems. The leaves form like a shovel, grow alternately, the foliage color is saturated green, the edge of the leaf plate is uneven. The marsh marsh plant blooms in the last days of June, flowering continues until the first frost. Its inflorescences-baskets are usually white, the flower diameter is up to 3 cm. The petals are lingular, narrow, the center of the flower is yellow.
Despite the name and the area where the cornfield grows in nature, frequent watering is not necessary for this plant. The marsh Nivyanik prefers sunny areas, although it is not afraid of the shadow. Well responds to mineral dressing. Nivyanik marsh is not afraid of any autumn frosts, nor return spring. 
Important! With the close passage of groundwater, poor soil drainage, the root system of the gardener starts to rot from excess moisture, gradually the rot spreads to the whole plant.
Kurilian nivyanik
Kurilian nivyanik in its natural environment is common in the territories of the Kuril Islands and the islands of Japan. A plant with a powerful rhizome, up to 20 cm high. Foliage dissected, thin stems carry single baskets up to 8 cm in diameter. The Kuril nivyanik blooms late, white flowers with a yellow tubular core.
The rock chamomile, as this cornfield is called, has a variety of arcticum. This plant can be attributed to the dwarf - its height is not more than 15 cm. It differs from the main type in the form of a leaf plate: the leaf consists of three to five round-shaped blades. Flowers are the same large, flowering period from July to August. Nivyanik Kuril arcticum is popular in the design of alpine slides.
Greater Nivyanik
Nivyanik is the largest - a large plant with a thick, fleshy rhizome and a strong stem up to 70 cm. The plant has dark green large leaves, growing alternately with jagged edges. At nivyanik large inflorescences-baskets with radiate petals and a large yellow center.
This species, unlike the others, has many garden varieties, the most popular of them are:
- Nivyanik "Alaska" - frost-resistant variety, popular in cold latitudes. This is a tall plant with a strong stem, slightly pubescent; long, narrow, shiny, dark green leaves, large, up to 10 cm in diameter, white flowers.
- Grade "Aglaia" - bush variety with bright green lanceolate foliage, with a jagged edge; large white flowers; the bright yellow center is framed by a dense mass of needle-shaped petals, which, in turn, are surrounded by a larger, multilanguage petal.
- Nivyanik "Crazy Daisy" - terry variety, plant height 90 cm. The plant has bluish-green leaves with a central vein, growing oppositely. Flower "Crazy Daisy" looks disheveled because of the numerous petals of different widths. The variety is beautiful in bouquet compositions.
Daisy
Common cornfields, or meadow cornfields - a plant with a straight, unbranched stem that grows up to 90 cm. The bush can be up to 30 cm in diameter, due to the large rhizome, from which grow lateral shoots. The foliage at the base of the trunk is longer than the closer to the inflorescence. The color of leaves is dark green, oval shape, with teeth along the edge.
Nivyanik ordinary flowers most of all look like a one-year chamomile. This is a large yellow center up to 5 cm in diameter, surrounded by long white petals in the form of rays. The plant blooms in May and blooms until late autumn. Kind of unpretentious to the conditions: not afraid of the sun or shade; grows well in wet soils.
The most famous varieties:
- "Sanssouci" - a tall greenhouse up to a meter; large inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter; flowers with reed petals, white with yellow center.
- "May Queen" - the most popular variety of chamomile garden, plant height - half a meter, bright green foliage in dense mass surrounds the stems, forming an impenetrable green carpet under the flowers. Flowers are large, slightly convex yellow center framed by wide radiate white petals.
- "Maxima Konig" - tall, up to a meter, the stem bears a large, up to 12 cm in diameter flower. The orange center of the flower is surrounded by reed petals arranged in two rows.
The use of nevyanik in folk medicine
Flower nivyanik is known not only as an ornamental and garden plant, but also as a medicinal. In its composition were found alkaloids useful for the human body, helping to normalize the many functions of the body; vitamin C; carotene; inulin, involved in the work of many body systems and fatty oils.
In folk medicine, nivyanik and its useful properties are used to treat a large list of diseases. Broths, tinctures, tinctures and ointments are prepared from the aerial parts of the vineyard. Leaves, stems, and flowers of a plant also have healing properties.
Leaves prepare medicines for the treatment of such diseases:
- fever, common cold, various types of cough, relieve asthma suffocation symptom;
- eye diseases;
- migraines and other spasmodic pains;
- gastrointestinal colic.
- diseases of the lungs and bronchi, tracheitis;
- treatment of gynecological problems: uterine bleeding, weak uterine contraction after childbirth, fungal infections;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Flowers plants are used to treat skin rashes and inflammation in children and adults, with eye infections (conjunctivitis), for douching in some gynecological problems, to alleviate the condition with hemorrhoids.In addition, medications made on the basis of nivyanik, have a calming effect, help to normalize sleep, normalize the work of the cardiovascular system.
Important! Drugs prepared on the basis of nevyanik, contraindicated in pregnancy, breastfeeding and hypotension. Taking medications from Nivyanik is undesirable without consulting a doctor.
Nivyanik is a multifaceted plant: in the garden it is a decoration of flowerbeds, rock gardens, other compositions; in the house - an elegant bouquet that brings a touch of natural freshness to the casual interior; medicine medicine; in cooking delicacy. Nivyanik's flowers, more precisely, buds, are pickled and used as capers in soups, borscht and other dishes, and the leaves are crumbled into salads.
