Albeit small, but your own business is an excellent alternative to hired work. However, often, even with such a desire, people are afraid to start their own business, because they see only obstacles, primarily in terms of financial investments. We will help to figure out how difficult it is to organize a farm from scratch, what is required and how to do it with minimal cost.
Where to begin
To begin, you will need a business plan, which will be spelled out all the cost part, profitability and profitability. Do not ignore this stage, because if you do not think of everything initially, all sorts of unpleasant surprises will arise in the process of work, which is highly undesirable. 
So, it is necessary to calculate the following:
- Start-up capital - how much money you need, and where you will take them; in other words - it will be your own money or credit.
- A place - for the management of the necessary area, and not small. Fine, if you already have it, but if not, you should calculate how much it will cost to buy or rent.
- The cost of buying animals or planting material - here, depending on the type of proposed activity, describe how much animals, poultry, seeds or seedlings cost.
- Outbuildings - sheds and utility rooms will be needed in any case, both when breeding animals and when growing plants. At this point, we calculate how much it will cost to build a greenhouse, shed, chicken coop, apiary or pond, depending on what you plan to do.
- Purchase of profile equipment - here it is important to calculate everything to the smallest details: equipment, inventory and so on.
- Employee salary - In most cases, you will need qualified assistants, and the cost of their maintenance must also be taken into account.
- Utility costs and taxes - prescribe the cost of electricity, water and everything that will be used, and also do not forget that a large part of the profit will be spent on taxes, which should also be calculated in advance.
- Advertising - entails certain costs and promotion of the goods. This could be flyer printing, advertising on local radio, TV and in the newspaper, placement of posters on billboards.
- Sales - before you produce something, you need to understand where and how to implement it. Therefore, in this paragraph, write down where the products will be sold and what costs it will entail. For example, it may be a rental point on the market or a "go to the shelf" in a supermarket.
- Profit - after miscalculation of the entire expenditure part, you will be able to withdraw the estimated income and time it takes to make the farm profitable.
Did you know? In the US, there are more than 2,000,000 farms, 97% of which are family businesses.
Types of farms
Now you need to decide on the direction in which you would like to work. And they are worth noting a lot. Therefore, let's consider the most popular types of farming.
Poultry farming
Breeding chickens, ducks, geese or turkeys does not require large financial investments, but is very profitable. It also does not require too much land and expensive equipment. It is much easier to care for a bird, than, for example, for pigs, and the profit even from a small farm is very attractive.
Learn how to breed chickens, ducks, geese and turkeys.When growing chickens you get not only meat, but also eggs, which is also a significant advantage. The disadvantages of this type of farm include a lot of competition in the market.
Livestock
Growing cows, goats, sheep and other animals can also bring excellent income. This type of activity involves several areas.
For a change in your farm, breed cows, goats and sheep.
Animals can be kept for the following purposes:
- production of milk and dairy products;
- meat production;
- dressing hides;
- sales of young individuals.
Did you know? It is small farms that produce 70% of food worldwide.
Beekeeping
To organize an apiary will not require large investments, so this direction looks very attractive. At the initial stage, only the site, the hives and the bee family are needed. It is necessary to take into account that beekeeping requires certain knowledge and skills, without which it is impossible to choose the right place or to create optimal conditions for the bees to bring honey. 
But if you delve into this issue and regularly learn from the experience of professional beekeepers, visiting exhibitions and fairs, you can acquire all the necessary skills and organize a successful business. Please note: at the exit you get a few bee products that sell well - honey, wax, propolis.
It will be interesting to know where to start beekeeping.
Fish farming
To organize the process you will need a reservoir and larvae or fry. Such a business can be built with minimal investment, while it does not depend on weather conditions and has practically no other risks. Beginners are recommended to breed fish, which is rapidly gaining weight and is in demand in the market - such can be attributed to carp and trout. Carp is perfect for these purposes, as the fry are cheap, it is enough just to care for it, and the grown fish sells well and pays off with interest.
Read also about how to breed carp, grass carp and trout at home.
The trout is more capricious in the care and requires knowledge and skills for its breeding, but at the same time it pleases with its high cost at the outlet, and therefore, with a large profit. The disadvantages of fish farming can be attributed to the fact that the number of fish in the reservoir can not be controlled. Therefore, you need to hire only trusted personnel you trust, otherwise there is a possibility that you may be deceived. 
Pig breeding
Breeding pigs is considered to be very profitable, but requires large financial investments and very laborious.
Important! Experienced businessmen recommend not to save on animal nutrition and feed them only high-quality feed, as bad food can cause pigs diseases and significantly affect the quality of meat at the exit.In order for a pig farm to generate income, it is necessary to keep a population of at least 100 pigs. And they need to be fed, provided with vitamins and care for them. Accordingly, in addition to a large site and outbuildings, employees will be required, preferably specialists.
Domestic Pig - find out where to start.
There are often no problems with selling pork - it sells well and is expensive, so such a business has relatively fast payback, followed by a steady income.
Breeding rabbits
A great option for organizing a farm from scratch is breeding rabbits. With minimal cost at the initial stage, the business brings a high and stable income. The advantages of this type of activity include the following:
- cheap feed, especially in the summer;
- rabbits are very prolific;
- dietary meat is very popular;
- competition in the market is minimal.
The disadvantages of breeding these fur animals are high requirements for sanitary standards, high mortality of young animals, as well as the fact that such a business pays off not earlier than in 3 years.Important! Rabbit skins can be taken to the garment factories and in the studio, which will be another source of income, in addition to the sale of meat.
Growing plants
Another niche for organizing your own business is growing plants. In this case, of course, there are pros and cons, but with the right approach and organization of the process, you can make great money. Financial investments can be minimal - for example, if grown in open fields, - and can be quite large if the construction and maintenance of greenhouses is required. Let's look at the most popular destinations.
Mushrooms
The organization of the mushroom business requires minimal costs. Mushrooms can grow in basements, barns, abandoned houses, and so on - respectively, no need to invest in construction. It is only necessary to find a suitable building, to provide heating and light, to equip ventilation. And also - to acquire the substrate and mushroom mycelium. Most often, oyster mushrooms and champignons are grown for sale. 
Caring for mushrooms is minimal and not time consuming - you just need to maintain a constant temperature and humidity, as well as timely harvest. The demand for such products is quite high, so sales problems are rare.
Grow oyster mushrooms, mushrooms, champignons and black truffle at home.
Fruits, berries
The year-round demand for berries and fruits makes their cultivation very attractive for entrepreneurs. It can be carried out seasonally in open ground, or throughout the year, but with a greenhouse. Of course, the equipment of the greenhouse requires large investments, but its advantage is that in a year you will be able to harvest and realize at least 2 crops.
Did you know? The most fruitful fruits on the planet are bananas, they are grown on farms in more than 100 countries.It is very important to think over the sales channels of products in advance, even at the initial stage, since the majority of fruits and berries quickly deteriorate. In the presence of start-up capital and the proper organization of the process, such a business can bring a very large income.
Vegetables
As in the previous case, there are two options for the vegetable business: growing seasonal crops in the open field, or year-round in greenhouses. Both options are very profitable. Only in the first case is it possible to take into account possible risks - for example, abrupt weather changes or pest invasion. These factors can reduce the yield and, accordingly, reduce the estimated profit. In a greenhouse, cultures will be reliably protected from changeable weather, and it is more difficult for parasites to penetrate there, but costs are required for its arrangement and maintenance.
Important! On average, vegetable farming fully pays off in 12 months.Plants in the open ground and in the greenhouse need regular feeding and preventive treatment with special preparations, which must be taken into account when writing a business plan. The competition in this niche is quite high, so you should think over the sales markets in advance, and also worry about the premises for storing crops and transport for its transportation.
Now you know what to organize a farm under the power of each. The main thing is to have a desire, and to choose a direction that does not require large financial investments and quickly pays off is completely real. I would only like to have more government programs that are aimed at supporting small agricultural businesses, since this assistance is urgently needed for novice farmers.
